What model describes physiological, safety, esteem, cognitive, and self-actualization needs?

The model that describes physiological, safety, esteem, cognitive, and self-actualization needs is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This psychological framework, developed by Abraham Maslow, is depicted as a pyramid consisting of levels of needs. At the base are the most fundamental physiological needs, followed by safety needs which encompass security and stability. As one ascends the hierarchy, esteem needs emerge, indicating the desire for recognition and respect from others. The cognitive needs reflect a yearning for knowledge and understanding, while self-actualization sits at the pinnacle, representing the fulfillment of one's potential and personal growth.

Utilizing this model provides a comprehensive understanding of human motivation and behavior, particularly in educational settings, as it acknowledges that fundamental needs must be met before individuals can pursue higher-level ambitions such as personal growth and intellectual development. This understanding is crucial for educators and trainers who aim to create effective learning environments that support learners at various stages.